Cook the pasta al dente in a pot of boiling salted water according to the package directions. Reserve ¼ cup of pasta water before draining.
Heat the olive oil in a large skillet over medium heat.
Add the sliced zucchini and sauté until golden around the edges. Transfer the zucchini to a plate and set aside.
Add the cherry tomatoes, minced garlic, garlic powder, Italian seasoning, chili flakes, salt, and black pepper to the same skillet.
Cook for 3–4 minutes, stirring occasionally, until the tomatoes soften and become juicy.
Add the reserved pasta water and cook for another 2–3 minutes so the flavors combine.
Add the cooked pasta and Parmesan to the skillet. Stir well until the pasta is coated.
Return the cooked zucchini to the skillet and add the fresh basil. Gently stir everything together.
Garnish with additional Parmesan and basil if desired, then serve immediately.