Bring a large pot of salted water to a boil.
Heat olive oil in a skillet over medium-high heat. Season chicken, cook until lightly golden (about 3 minutes), then set aside.
Lower heat and add olive oil and anchovies, stirring until dissolved.
Add garlic and cook gently until fragrant.
Stir in chili flakes and tomato paste, cook for 1 minute.
Add tomatoes and bring to a gentle simmer.
Add sugar, salt, and basil. Simmer for 15 minutes.
Add chicken back in for the final 8 minutes until cooked through.
Cook pasta until slightly under al dente.
Add pasta to sauce with a splash of pasta water and cook together for 1–2 minutes.
Finish with basil and Parmesan.
This Spicy Tomato Chicken Pasta Recipe comes together beautifully with minimal effort.