Place the roasted red peppers, 1 teaspoon Italian seasoning, olive oil, garlic, salt, and black pepper in a food processor or blender.
Blend until the mixture becomes smooth and well combined. Set the roasted red pepper mixture aside.
Lightly grease a large skillet and place it over medium heat.
Season the chicken on both sides with the remaining 1 teaspoon Italian seasoning.
Add the chicken to the hot skillet. Cook for approximately 6–8 minutes per side, depending on thickness, until lightly browned and the center reaches an internal temperature of 165°F (74°C).
Transfer the cooked chicken to a clean plate and loosely cover it to keep warm.
Pour the blended roasted pepper mixture into the same skillet. Cook over medium heat for 2–3 minutes, stirring frequently, until warmed through.
Pour in the heavy cream and stir until fully incorporated. Allow the sauce to gently simmer until it becomes smooth and slightly thickened.
Return the chicken to the skillet and spoon the creamy sauce over each piece. Let everything warm together briefly so the chicken is thoroughly coated.
Garnish the Mediterranean Chicken with Roasted Red Pepper Sauce with crumbled feta and thinly sliced fresh basil, if desired. Serve warm.