Place a pizza stone in the oven, if using, and preheat the oven to 500°F. If you do not have a pizza stone, prepare a baking sheet instead.
Bring the pizza dough to room temperature. Divide it into two equal pieces to make two smaller pizzas.
On a lightly floured surface, gently press one dough ball with your fingertips, then stretch it into a 10- to 12-inch circle. Avoid stretching the dough too thin.
Lightly flour a pizza peel or the back of a rimmed baking sheet. Transfer the shaped dough onto it.
Divide the toppings between the two pizzas. Brush the center of the dough with olive oil, leaving a small border around the edge.
Sprinkle the minced garlic evenly over the dough, followed by the shredded mozzarella.
Arrange the drained artichoke hearts over the cheese and finish with fresh lemon zest.
Carefully transfer the pizza to the hot pizza stone, or place the baking sheet in the oven. Bake for 12 to 14 minutes, or until the crust is golden brown and the bottom is crisp.
Remove from the oven and immediately top with baby arugula, Parmesan, a squeeze of fresh lemon juice, crushed red pepper flakes, and a little sea salt.
Garnish with fresh basil if desired, slice, and serve immediately.