Pat the cod fillets dry with paper towels. Season both sides with salt and black pepper.
Heat olive oil in a large nonstick or stainless-steel skillet over medium-high heat.
Add the cod and cook for 3–4 minutes per side until golden brown and the fish flakes easily with a fork. The internal temperature should reach 145°F (63°C).
Transfer the cod to a plate and loosely cover with foil.
If needed, carefully wipe the skillet clean using damp paper towels.
Reduce heat to low and melt the butter.
Stir in the minced garlic and cook for about 1 minute until fragrant, without browning.
Add the fresh lemon juice and simmer for 1–2 minutes until slightly reduced.
Stir in the lemon zest.
Return the cod to the skillet and spoon the sauce over each fillet. Simmer gently for another 1–2 minutes so the Easy Lemon Butter Cod absorbs the flavorful sauce.
Garnish with chopped parsley and serve with fresh lemon wedges.